Проаналізовано літературні дані та наведено результати власних досліджень щодо ефективності застосування органо-мінеральних добрив (ОМД) за показниками фізіологічних процесів, продуктивності та якості плодів помідора їстівного (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Показано, що чинником, який регулює фізіологічні процеси, формування урожаю культури та якість її плодів, можуть бути ОМД. За ДСТУ ISO 4884:2007, ОМД отримують фізичною та/чи хімічною взаємодією органічних і мінеральних складників. Зазначено, що використання ОМД і гумінових препаратів у технологіях вирощування культур є складовою частиною органічного землеробства, яке інтенсивно розвивається в Україні і його поширення є одним зі шляхів біофортифікації продукції рослинництва корисними мікронутрієнтами. Виявлено нижчу продуктивність L. esculentum, але кращу якість плодів за органічного вирощування. Добрива на основі гумінових речовин поліпшують посівні якості насіння помідора, його мінеральне живлення, впливають на мітотичний поділ клітин, проникність мембран, активність ензимів, обмін речовин, стимулюють укорінення та ростові процеси розсади, вегетативних і генеративних органів, фотосинтез, водообмін, закладання більшого числа репродуктивних органів і продуктивність, сприяють накопиченню у плодах сухих речовин, вуглеводів, каротиноїдів, вітамінів, флавоноїдів, макро- і мікроелементів, зниженню їх кислотності, підвищують стійкість розсади і рослин до несприятливих біотичних та абіотичних чинників. Наведені морфологічні й фізіолого-біохімічні зміни у рослинах за використання ОМД приводять до статистично достовірного підвищення показників продуктивності культури на 15-50 % та якості плодів.
Ключові слова: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., органо-мінеральні добрива, органічне землеробство, фізіологічні процеси, продуктивність, якість плодів
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