Огляд присвячено аналізу і систематизації літературних даних, а також результатів власних робіт авторів щодо впливу комбінованої дії стресових чинників на фізіолого-біохімічні процеси та продуктивність рослин. Актуальність цих досліджень зумовлена тим, що у польових умовах посіви зазвичай піддаються одночасному впливу низки різних абіотичних стресових чинників, серед яких посуха і висока температура є найбільш значущими у зв’язку з глобальними змінами клімату. Дослідження останніх років показали, що реакція рослин на комбінацію різних абіотичних стресорів є унікальною і не може бути безпосередньо екстрапольована з простого вивчення кожного зі стресів, що діють окремо. Було виявлено специфічні фізіологічні реакції, комбінації метаболітів і білків, а також транскрипти, які є унікальними для конкретних комбінацій стресорів. Наголошується на важливості дослідження особливостей функціонування фотосинтетичного апарату, метаболізму активних форм кисню (АФК) і реакції продихів при адаптації рослин до комбінації посухи та теплового стресу, розробки методик широкомасштабного фенотипування фізіолого-біохімічних відповідей рослин під час стресу і наступних фаз відновлення для виявлення фізіологічних маркерів стресостійкості та скринінгу перспективних для селекції форм агрономічно значущих культур з підвищеною толерантністю до комбінації посухи та теплового стресу, щоб пом’якшити негативний вплив прогнозованих глобальних кліматичних змін на сільськогосподарське виробництво.
Ключові слова: посуха, висока температура, фотосинтез, водний режим, антиоксидантний захист, продуктивність
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