Наведено результати більш як 60-річної роботи науковців відділу симбіотичної азотфіксації з вивчення проблеми біологічної фіксації азоту. Розглянуто дослідження фізіолого-біохімічних характеристик та умов регуляції синтезу і функціонування нітрогенази симбіотичних систем люпину та сої. Висвітлено внесок співробітників відділу у вивчення взаємозв’язку азотфіксації, фотосинтезу й дихання в симбіотичних системах за різних умов їх формування та функціонування. Особливу увагу приділено дослідженням взаємодії симбіонтів при формуванні симбіотичних і асоціативних азотфіксувальних систем, значенню мікробіому ризосфери рослин для їх розвитку, розкриттю ролі лектинів і вуглеводів в утворенні й подальшому функціонуванні рослинно-бактеріальних систем. Обговорено питання впливу зовнішніх чинників (мінерального азотного живлення, водозабезпечення, регуляторів росту рослин, фунгіцидів) на симбіотичні системи, ролі фітогормонів та антиоксидантних ферментів у їх функціонуванні та розробці заходів підвищення ефективності симбіозу, зокрема за стресових умов. Висвітлено не лише теоретичне, а й практичне значення роботи науковців відділу: створення нових високопродуктивних сортів сої, отримання нових штамів азотфіксувальних бактерій (зокрема тих, що є основою бактеріальних добрив для стратегічних сільськогосподарських культур), розробка мікробних препаратів нового покоління, налагодження напівпромислового їх виготовлення, розробка і впровадження у виробництво екологічно чистої технології отримання рослинного білка, створення та підтримання Колекції штамів симбіотичних та асоціативних азотфіксувальних мікроорганізмів, що має статус національного надбання. Обговорено перспективи фундаментальних досліджень та прикладних розробок, що стосуються біологічної фіксації азоту.
Ключові слова: біологічна фіксація азоту, штами, лектини, полісахариди, ризобії, мікробні препарати
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83. Mamenko, P.M., Kots, S.Ya., Drozdenko, G.M. & Zhemojda, A.V. (2008). Protein composition of soybean nodules, inoculated strains and Tn5-mutants of Bradyrhizobium japonicum of various efficacy. Fiziologia i biokhimia kult. rastenij, 40, No. 6, pp. 525-531 [in Ukrainian].
84. Kondratiuk, Iu.Iu., Rybachenko, O.R., Mamenko, P.M. & Kots, S.Ya. (2015). The influence of drought on the protein content of soybean roots under inoculation by Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains with different effectiveness. Fiziol. rast. genet., 47, No. 4, pp. 361-366 [in Ukrainian].
85. Levishko, A.S., Mamenko, P.M. & Kots, S.Ya. (2013, March). Research of distribution of metabolites of bean-rhizobial symbiosis of different efficiency. Plant Physiology in the System of Modern Biological Knowledge and Sciences: Materials of the Scientific and Methodical Seminar (pp. 84-85), Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].
86. Levishko, A., Mamenko, P. & Kots, S. (2014, September). Metabolic changes in soybean roots inoculated by Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains. FEBS J. Special Issue: FEBS EMBO 2014 Conf. (p. 582), Paris.
87. Levishko, A.S., Mamenko, P.M. & Kots, S.Ya. (2014). Dynamics of organic acids in soybean roots inoculated by Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains with different symbiotic properties. The Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Ser. Biology. Biolohichna fiksatsiia azotu, pp. 118-121 [in Ukrainian].
88. Levishko, A.S. & Khomenko, Yu.O. (2012). Dynamics of metabolites distribution in the functioning of soybean-rhizobial symbiosis of different efficacy. Scientific notes of the ecological laboratory USPU, 15, pp. 57-61 [in Ukrainian].
89. Pavlyshche, A.V., Kyrychenko, O.V. & Kots, S.Ya. (2018). Metabolic changes in the content of organic acids in roots of Glycine max (Fabaceae) at the early stages of symbiosis formation under the influence of fungicides. Ukrainian Botanical Journal, 75, No. 5, pp. 480-488. https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj
90. Vasyliuk, V.M., Krugova, O.D., Mandrovska, N.M. & Kots, S.Y. (2007). Peroxidase and catalase activities in the soybean inoculated by Tn5-mutants of Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Fiziologia i biokhimia kult. rastenij, 39, No. 4, pp. 334-342 [in Ukrainian].
91. Mandrovska, N.M., Krugova, O.D., Vasyliuk, V.M. & Kots, S.Ya. (2008). Catalase activity in the roots and nodules of soybean, inoculated by Tn5-mutants of Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The Bulletin of Ukrainian Society of Geneticists and Breeders, 6, No. 1, pp. 73-81 [in Ukrainian].
92. Mandrovska, N.M., Krugova, O.D. & Kots, S.Ya. (2010). The catalase activity of the soybean symbiotic systems of different effectivity during the early stages of the symbiosis formation. Bull. Kharkiv Nat. Agrar. Univ. Ser. Biology, 1, No. 19, pp. 69-74 [in Ukrainian].
93. Krugova, E.D., Kots, S.Ya., Mandrovskaya, N.M. & Vasyliuk, V.N. (2008). Peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities in soybean nodules and roots, inoculated by Tn5-mutants of Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Bull. Kharkiv Nat. Agrar. Univ. Ser. Biology, 1, pp. 6-14 [in Russian].
94. Krugova, E.D. (2009). Specific strategies of nodule and phytopathogenic bacteria at infection of plants. Fiziologia i biokhimia kult. rastenij, 41, No. 1, pp. 3-15 [in Russian].
95. Krugova, O.D. (2009). Peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities in symbiotic soybean systems formed with the participation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum mutants in the early stages of the formation of symbiosis. In Morgun, V.V. (Ed.) Plant physiology: problems and perspectives of development, Vol. 1 (pp. 428-436). Kyiv: Logos [in Ukrainian].
96. Mamenko, T.P. (2019). The reaction of soybean symbiotic apparatus to losses of water content in leaves and roots, induced by continuous action of drought. Ecology and noospherology, 30, No. 1, pp. 44-49 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15421/031908
97. Mamenko, T.P., Homenko, Yu.A. & Kots, S.Y. (2018). Activity of superoxide dismutase and enzymes of ascorbate - glutathione cycle in Glycine max-Bradyrhizobium japonicum symbiotic systems under drought conditions. Mikrobiol. Z., 80, No. 3, pp. 77-89 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj80.03.077
98. Kots, S.Ya., Mamenko, T.P. & Homenko, Yu.O. (2019). The content of hydrogen peroxide and catalase activity in different on effectiveness of symbiotic systems Glycine max-Bradyrhizobium japonicum under drought conditions. Mikrobiol. Z., 81, No. 4, pp. 62-75. https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj81.04.062
99. Morgun, V.V., Kots, S.Ya., Mamenko, T.P. & Vorobey, N.A. (2020). Lipid peroxidation intensity in different on effectiveness of symbiotic systems Glycine max-Bradyrhizobium japonicum under drought conditions. Mikrobiol. Z., 82, No. 4, pp. 23-30. https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj82.04.023
100. Pavlyshche, A.V., Mamenko, T.P., Rybachenko, L.I. & Kots, S.Ya. (2018). Influence of fungicides on the formation, functioning and peroxidase activity of root soybean nodules at inoculation by Rhizobia, incubated with lectin. Mikrobiol. Z., 80, No. 5, pp. 76-89 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj
101. Kots, S.Ya., Mamenko, T.P. & Pavlyshche, A.V. (2018). Activity of nitrogen fixation and antioxidant enzymes in symbiotic systems Glycine max-Bradyrhizobium japonicum for complex treatment with lectin and fungicides. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 9, No. 2, pp. 148-155 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15421/021822
102. Mamenko, T.P., Khomenko, Y.O. & Kots, S.Ya. (2019). Influence of fungicides on activities of enzymes of phenolic metabolism in the early stages of formation and functioning of soybean symbiotic apparatus. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 10, No. 1, pp. 111-116. https://doi.org/10.15421/021917
103. Mamenko, T.P., Kots, S.Y. & Khomenko, Y.O. (2020). The intensity of ethylene release by soybean plants under the influence of fungicides in the early stages of legume-rhizobial symbiosis. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 11, No. 1, pp. 98-104. https://doi.org/10.15421/022014
104. Pavlyshche, A.V., Kiriziy, D.A. & Kots, S.Ya. (2017). The reaction of symbiotic soybean systems to the action of fungicides under various treatment. Fiziol. rast. genet., 49, No. 3, pp. 237-247 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2017.03.237
105. Pavlyshche, A.V., Yakimchuk, R.A., Omelchuk, S.V., Zhemoyda, A.V. & Kots, S.Ya. (2018). Symbiotic properties and seed productivity of soybean in field conditions under various methods of seeds treatment with fungicides. Fiziol. rast. genet., 50, No. 4, pp. 358-368 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2018.04.358
106. Omelchuk, S.V. & Yakymchuk, R.A. (2019). Efficacy of soybean-rhizobia symbiosis under the influence of fungicide acanto plus. Fiziol. rast. genet., 51, No. 5, pp. 447-454 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2019.05.447
107. Omelchuk, S.V., Zhemojda, A.V. & Pavlysche, A.V. (2017). Formation, functioning and productivity of the soybean-Rhizobium symbiosis under the influence of fungicides lamardor and maxim. Fiziol. rast. genet., 49, No. 1, pp. 54-63 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2017.01.054
108. Pat. 78755 UA, IPC CO5F11/00, C12№1/100. Bacteria strain Bradyrhizobium japonicum PC08 (B-7399) for the preparation of bacterial fertilizer under soybean, Kots, S.Ya., Malichenko, S.M., Mamenko, P.M., Vorobey, N.A., Yakymchuk, R.A., Publ. 25.03.13 [in Ukrainian].
109. Pat. 111391 UA, IPC C12N 1/20, C05F 11/08, C12R 1/01. Bacteria strain Sinorhizobium meliloti I-7411 for producing bacterial fertilizers for lucerne, Kots, S.Ya., Vorobey, N.A., Publ. 25.04.16 [in Ukrainian].
110. Pat. 126060 UA, IPC C12N 1/20, C05F 11/08. Bacteria strain Bradyrhizobium japonicum B-7538 for the preparation of bacterial fertilizer under soybean. Kots, S.Ya., Vorobey, N.A., Publ. 11.06.18 [in Ukrainian].
111. Pat. 138542 UA, IPC 05F 11/08, C12N 1/20, C12R 1/41, A01N 63/02. Bacteria strain Rhizobium galegae K50 (IMB B-7551) for the obtaining bacterial fertilizer under eastern galega. Kots, S.Ya., Vorobey, N.A., Kukol, K.P., Pukhtaievych, P.P., Kudryavchenko, L.A., Publ. 25.11.19 [in Ukrainian].
112. Vorobey, N.A. (2011). New highly efficient symbiotic systems of legume plants and recombinant strains of nodule bacteria. (Extended abstract of candidate thesis). Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine [in Ukrainian].
113. Vorobey, N.A., Kots, S.Ya. & Butnitskiy, I.M. (2007). Effectiveness of alfalfa symbiotic systems at inoculation with Tn5-mutants Sinorhizobium meliloti. Fiziologia i biokhimia kult. rastenij, 39, No. 2, pp. 105-113 [in Ukrainian].
114. Kukol, K.P., Vorobey, N.A. & Kots, S.Ya. (2019). Sensitivity of pure cultures of Bradyrhizobium japonicum to fungicides. Silskohospodarska Mikrobiolohiia, 30, pp. 20-31 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.30.20-31
115. Kukol, K.P., Vorobey, N.A., Pukhtaievych, P.P., Rybachenko, L.I. & Yakymchuk, R.A. (2020). Effect of fungicides on the efficiency of soybean inoculation with pesticide-resistant nodule bacteria. Silskohospodarska Mikrobiolohiia, 3, pp. 26-35 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.31.26-35
116. Pukhtaievych, P.P., Kukol, K.P., Vorobey, N.A. & Kots, S.Ya. (2020). The reaction of self-fertile alfalfa lines to inoculation with nodule bacteria. The Journal of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Ser. Biology, 34, pp. 163-174 [in Ukrainian]. https:// doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-17
117. Pukhtaievych, P.P., Kukol, E.P., Vorobey, N.A., Vasileva, V. & Kots, S.Ya. (2019). Efficiency of inoculation by nodule bacteria of alfalfa grown in mixture with smooth bromegrass at various rates of phosphorus and potassium nutrition. Fiziol. rast. genet., 51, No. 5, pp. 415-424 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2019.05.415
118. Vorobey, N.A. & Kots, S.Ya. (2018). Selection strategy for improved symbiotic phenotypes of Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Fiziol. rast. genet., 50, No. 4, pp. 344-357 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2018.04.344
119. Vorobey, N.A., Kots, S.Ya., Kudryavchenko, L.A. & Pukhtayevych, P.P. (2017). Biotechnology of creation active Tn5-mutants of Rhizobium galegae. Fiziol. rast. genet., 49, No. 5, pp. 425-433 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2017.05.425
120. Kots, S.Ya., Vorobey, N.A., Kyrychenko, O.V., Melnykova, N.N., Mykhalkiv, L.M. & Pukhtayevych, P.P. (2016). Microbiological preparations for agriculture. Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics NAS of Ukraine. Kyiv: Logos [in Ukrainian].
121. Morgun, V.V. & Kots, S.Ya. (2018). Biological nitrogen. Prospects for biotechnology in the agricultural state. Zerno, 142, No.1, pp. 38-43 [in Ukrainian].
122. Kots, S.Ya. & Pukhtaievych, P.P. (2019). Inoculation of soybean seeds: what, how and when. Propozyciya: «Biologicals in the protection of seeds and plants». Special issue, pp. 14-17 [in Ukrainian].
123. Kots, S.Ya. (2020). Bacterial preparations: benefits and risks. Propozyciya, No. 07-08, pp. 48-53 [in Ukrainian].
124. Kots, S.Ya., Mykhalkiv, L.M. & Vorobey, N.A. (2020). High-quality inoculants are an effective way to increase alfalfa productivity.Ahrobiznes sohodni, 420, No. 5, pp. 82-84 [in Ukrainian].
125. Kots, S.Ya., Rybachenko, L.I., Pukhtaievych, P.P. & Rybachenko, O.R. (2018). Bradyrhizobium japonicum reaction in pure culture and symbiotic systems to the use of nanocarboxylates of microelements. Silskohospodarska Mikrobiolohiia, 28, pp. 41-52 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.28.41-52
126. Morgun, V.V., Rybachenko, L.I., Kots, S.Ya., Kiriziy, D.A., Kukol, K.P. & Rybachenko, O.R. (2019). Features of the functioning of symbiotic systems and photosynthetic apparatus of soybean inoculated by Bradyrhizobium japonicum under the influence of metal carboxylate. Mikrobiologichnyi Zhurnal, 81, No. 1, pp. 94-105 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj81.01.094
127. Kots, S.Ya., Rybachenko, L.I., Pukhtaievych, P.P. & Mokrytsky, K.A. (2019). Formation and functioning of symbiotic systems of soya-Bradyrhizobium japonicum for the influence of complexes of nanoparticles of carboxylates of microelements. Silskohospodarska Mikrobiolohiia, 29, pp. 12-20 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.35868/1997-3004.29.12-20
128. Petrychenko, V.F. & Kots, S.Ya. (2014). Symbiotic systems in modern agricultural manufacture. Visnyk NAN Ukrainy, No. 3, pp. 57-66 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15407/visn2014.03.057