In a small-plot experiment, the effect of the growth stimulator quantum siamin on the photosynthetic pigments content, photosynthetic apparatus basic structural and protective low-molecular proteins, quantum efficiency, electron transport, and grain productivity of two modern winter wheat varieties — Podilska Niva and Poradnytsia was studied. It was found that two-time treatment of plants with the growth stimulator at the stages of booting and the beginning of earing led to an increase in the total chlorophyll content in leaves and basic structural proteins of chloroplast photosystems. At the same time, the ratio of proteins LHC II, CP 43, CP 47, D1-D2, and accordingly the ratio of chlorophylls a/b changed. It was established that the quantum efficiency of PSII, RFd and the ratio of Qb-non-reducing and Qb-reducing centers in PSII in the dark-adapted state, almost did not change under treatment with a growth stimulant. In the light-adapted state of the leaves, a slight increase in the quantum yield of PSII, and a more significant increase in the linear electron transport rate were noted. It was also found that treatment with a growth stimulant led to an increase in the protective low-molecular proteins content. However, an increase in the resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus to short-term high-temperature stress was not detected. It was shown that a more powerful development of the photosynthetic apparatus at the earing stage under treatment with a growth stimulant, led to an increase in the grain number in the ear, the 1000 grains weight and, accordingly, the total productivity of both winter wheat varieties.
Keywords: winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), growth stimulator, photosynthetic apparatus, chlorophyll, structural proteins, low molecular weight protective proteins, induction of chlorophyll fluorescence, grain productivity
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