A protocol for microclonal propagation of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) cv. Galicjanka was developed, including the optimization of culture initiation, shoot proliferation, rooting, acclimatization, and container plant production. It was established that the optimal source material for in vitro introduction should be collected from plants grown under controlled conditions during the first—second decade of March, using young green shoots 1.0—1.5 cm in length, which exhibit high regenerative capacity. At the culture initiation stage, three sterilization regimes and four nutrient media types were evaluated. The most effective treatment consisted of 0.1 % HgCl2 applied for 2 min 30 s combined with ЅMS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), resulted in 100 % sterile regenerated explants. The most effective media for shoot proliferation were MS, Quoirin and Lepoivre (QL), MS supplemented with iron Fe-EDDHA, 100 mg/L, and MS with microelements and vitamins according to Lee and Fossard (LF). The highest multiplication coefficient (5,72) was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BAP. The average shoot height under these conditions reached 2,3 cm. Rooting of microshoots occurred at a rate of 95 % without exogenous auxin application. However, supplementation with 0.3 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) increased rooting efficiency to 100 % and significantly improved root system parameters. On average, five first-order roots per plant were formed with a mean length of 3.4 cm. During acclimatization, the highest survival rate (92 %) was achieved using a cocopeat-based substrate. For subsequent container plant production, two- and three-component substrate mixtures containing perlite are recommended, as they promote intensive plant growth and the formation of high-quality planting material.
Keywords: Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott, in vitro, microclonal propagation, adaptation, cytokinin, auxin, ex vitro
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