The use of amino acids as components of various preparations in the pre-sowing treatment of plants is increasingly attracting attention both in the agricultural field and among the scientists-biologists and plant physiologists. Amino acids are one of the most active participants in metabolism, which can stimulate seed germination, regulate the intensity of photosynthesis, promote development and growth, increase yield, and activate plant protective mechanisms under the influence of stress factors. Studies aimed at the possibility of their exogenous influence on soybean plants, to ensure the stable development of the organism, the formation and functioning of soybean-rhizobial symbiosis are relevant. Therefore, the aim of the work was to select such concentrations of amino acids (proline and glycine), which as components of the nodule bacteria culture medium would contribute to increasing their growth activity in vitro, and reveal the most effect on the development of soybean seedlings. It was shown that the introduction of high concentrations of the amino acids proline and glycine (15 mM) into the rhizobia culture medium has a negative effect on the indices of the bacterial suspension optical density and the titer of viable cells of Bradyrhizobium japonicum 634b. When using proline as an additional component in the nutrient medium with an increase in its concentration to 10 mM, the most significant increase in the titer of microbial cells was noted, compared to the control variant. Analyzing the effect of soybean treatment with amino acid solutions on the dynamics of seed germination, it was found that proline already from the 4th day with an increase in its concentration contributed to the intensification of this process. It was found that in most cases, amino acids, at different concentrations, contributed to the initial development of soybean seedlings, or provided it at the control level, except for glycine, which, from a concentration of 5 mM, inhibited root growth. Our results indicate that proline and glycine, when added at the concentration of 10 mM to the rhizobia culture medium provide the maximum increase in the titer of microbial cells of B. japonicum 634b. At the same time, treatment of soybean seeds with proline and glycine solutions promotes the initial development of seedlings. Thus, the obtained data promote further study of the use of these amino acids for the treatment of seed material Glycine max (L.) Merr. compatible with inoculants or by involving them in the composition of microbial preparations, in order to ensure the effective formation and functioning of soybean-rhizobial symbiosis under the influence of stress factors.
Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merr., Bradyrhizobium japonicum 634b, amino acids, proline, glycine
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