Due to the increase of motor transport traffic in the cities, the study of such a component of the urban ecosystem as the soil cover is very relevant. Urban soils, which are formed under the influence of the consequences of anthropogenic activity, differ significantly in biological and physico-chemical indicators from natural analogues. The complex phytotoxic effect of urban soils of central streets of Uzhhorod city under the condition of intensive loading by motor transport is investigated in the article using the bio-indicative method. The growth indices and phytotoxic effect of test-culture — winter wheat of Podolianka variety were determined upon condition of seeding on soil samples taken at the most loaded roads of the city streets. According to the results of the observations, a significant inhibitory effect of the toxic substances of the studied soils on the growth processes of phyto-indicator — winter wheat of the Podolianka variety has been established.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., urban soils, phytotoxic effect, motor transport
Full text and supplemented materials
Free full text: PDFReferences
1. Alekseeva-Popova, N.V. (1991). Cellular-molecular mechanisms of metal resistance of plants. Resistance to heavy metals of wild species. L.: Botan. Inst. Im V.L. Komarova [in Russian].
2. Aparin, B.F. (2000, May). Soils and biodiversity. Theoretical foundations of biodiversity: Workshop materials (pp. 23-26), St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg State University [in Russian].
3. Bardina, T.V., Chugunova, M.V. & Bardina, V.I. (2013). Study of ecotoxicity of urbanozems using biotesting methods. Live and bio-kosy systems. Retrieved from http://www.jbks.ru/archive/issue-5/article-8—
4. Beshlya, Z.M., Beshelle, S.V., Baranov, V.I. & Terek, O.I. (2014). Use of plant test systems to assess the toxicity of technogenically contaminated substrates. Bulletin of Kharkiv National Agrarian University. Series Biology, 1 (31), pp. 97-102 [in Ukrainian].
5. Blinov, Z.P. (2014). Biotesting of the soil cover of urban areas using seedlings of Raphanus sativus. Bulletin of MGOU. Series Natural Sciences, 1, pp. 18-23 [in Russian].
6. Vacherich, M.M. & Nikolaichuk, V.I. (2009). To study of the influence of the phytoactivity of copper and other metals on the ontogenetic development of plants. Plant physiology: problems and prospects of development. (Vol. I). (pp. 287-305). Kyiv: Logos [in Ukrainian].
7. Gorova, A. & Kulina, S. (2008). Estimation of soil toxicity in the Chervonograd mining area by means of a growth test. Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series, 48, pp. 189-194 [in Ukrainian].
8. Grigorchuk, I.D. (2016). Use of plant bioindicators to assess the toxicity of soils in the territory of Kamyanets-Podilsky city. Biological systems, 8, iss. 2, pp. 212-218 [in Ukrainian].
9. Grishko, V.M, Syshchikov, D.V, Piskova, O.M, Danilchuk, O.V. & Mashtaler, N.V. (2012). Heavy metals: input into soils, translocation in plants and environmental hazards. Donetsk: Donbas [in Ukrainian].
10. Gubachov, O.I. (2010). Peculiarities of the use of plants for biotesting of soils in order to determine the level of environmental safety of industrial territories. Science Visn KUETY New technologies, No. 3 (29), pp. 164-171 [in Ukrainian].
11. Guralchuk, Zh.Z. (2006). The phytotoxicity of heavy metals and the resistance of plants to their action. Kyiv: Logos [in Ukrainian].
12. Dzhura, N.M., Romaniuk, O. I., Gonsior, Yan, Tsvilinuk, O. & M. Terek, O.I. (2006). Use of plants for soil remediation contaminated with oil and petroleum products. Ecology and Noosphereology, 17, iss. 1-2, pp. 55-60 [in Ukrainian].
13. Didukh, Ya.P. & Plyuta, P.G. (1994). Phytindication of environmental factors. Kyiv: Science. thought [in Ukrainian].
14. Zemlyakova, A.V. (2011). Urban soils as an integral component of the urban ecosystem. Scientific statements BelSU. Series: Natural Sciences, 21, pp. 102-107 [in Russian].
15. Eremchenko, O.Z., Moskvina, N.V., Shestakov, I.E. & Shvetsov, A.A. (2014). The use of test cultures to assess the ecological status of urban soils. Bulletin of the TSU, Iss. 19, 5, pp. 1280-1284 [in Russian].
16. Samokhvalova, V.L., Fateev, A.I. & Zhuravleva, I.M. (2008). Aspects of the study and assessment of pollution by heavy metals of the soil-plant system. Agroecology journal, No. 1, pp. 28-35 [in Russian].
17. Sedelnikova, L.L., Larichkina, N.I. & Sedelnikova, A.A. (2014). Using the method of biotesting the ecological state in an urban environment. Scientific notes of the Vernadsky Tauride National University. Series Biology, Chemistry, 27 (66), No. 5, pp. 154-159 [in Russian].
18. Seregin, I.V. & Ivanov, V.B. (2001). Physiological aspects of the toxic effects of cadmium and lead on higher plants. Plant Physiol, 48, No. 4, pp. 606-630 [in Russian].
19. Seregin, I.V. & Ivanov, V.B. (1997). Is the endoderm barrier function the only cause of root branching resistance to heavy metal salts. Plant Physiol, 44, No. 4, pp. 922-925 [in Russian].
20. Tkach, O., Vacherich, M., Nikolaichuk, V. & Yanochko, V. (2014). Autecological reactions of cereals under the action of salt of cuprum. Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series, Iss. 65, pp. 219-223 [in Ukrainian].
21. Foy, C.D., Chaney, R.L. & White, M.C. (1978). The physiology of the metal toxicity in plants. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol., 29, pp. 511-566. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.29.060178.002455
22. Hasegawa, P.M., Bressan, R.A., Zhu, J.-K. & Bohnert, H.J. (2000). Plant cellular and molecular responses to high salinity. Plant Physiol, 51, pp. 463-499.
23. Obroucheva, N.V., Bystrova, E.I., Ivanov, V.B., Antipova, O.V. & Seregin, I.V. (1998). Root growth responses. Plant Soil, 200, pp. 55-61. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004204605833
24. Sgherri, C., Quartacci, M. & Navari-Izzo, F. (2007). Following copper excess. J. Plant Physiol., 164, pp. 1152-1160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2006.05.020