The influence of synthetic auxin — picloram on the frequency of morphogenic callus formation and regeneration of shoots after Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of selection-valuable genotypes of winter wheat was studied. It was shown that the presence of picloram in the nutrient medium contributed to the formation of a callus of greater mass, which is capable to longer cultivation in vitro compared to callus formed on a medium with 2,4-D, while maintaining regenerative capacity. In calluses obtained on medium with 2,4-D, a relatively higher number of necrosis was observed and the transition of tissues to the morphogenic state occurred 3—5 days later compared to calluses obtained on media with picloram. The formation of the maximum amount of morphogenic callus for all studied genotypes was observed on medium with the addition of picloram at a concentration of 2 mg/l. The viability of the morphogenic callus obtained on the medium with picloram exceeds the duration of cultivation of the callus obtained on the medium with 2,4-D, on average by 30 days. It is established that the use of picloram in regeneration media allows to increase the frequency of shoot formation during genetic transformation of wheat. On the medium with the addition of this auxin at a concentration of 2 mg/l it was able to obtain the largest number of regenerants. At this concentration of picloram it revealed a significant increase in the number of plants compared to the medium containing IOC. The regeneration potential of callus obtained on medium with 2,4-D after genetic transformation was maintained for a maximum of 2 passages, while regenerating plants from callus formed on medium with picloram were obtained for 3—4 passages.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum, picloram, morphogenesis, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation
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