Зерновые культуры в Украине занимают большие площади, более 6 млн га, что составляет 19 % пахотных земель. Зерновой сектор является стратегическим направлением экономики Украины, поэтому даже минимальное повреждение растений фитофагами и болезнями приводит к большим потерям урожая, а появление новых агрессивных и высоковирулентных рас возбудителей болезней является основной причиной быстрой потери сортами устойчивости к соответствующим заболеваниям. Наиболее радикальным, перспективным, экологически безопасным и экономически выгодным направлением совершенствования интегрированной системы защиты озимой пшеницы является выращивание сортов, устойчивых к вредителям и возбудителям болезней. Именно это направление позволяет без дополнительных затрат свести к минимуму потери урожая от вредных организмов и уменьшить энергозатраты на 25—30 %, а также создать новую экологическую нишу в агробиоценозах. Однако для того чтобы расширить генетическое разнообразие, нужен постоянный поиск надежных источников и доноров с групповой устойчивостью среди важнейших видов пшеницы и ее диких сородичей. На основе анализа источников литературы показана значимость решения проблемы устойчивых сортов пшеницы озимой к вредителям и основным возбудителям болезней. Отмечен ряд сортов ИФРГ НАН Украины, характеризующихся комплексной устойчивостью к вредным организмам, а потому имеющим особую ценность — Богдана, Веснянка, Володарка, Золотоколоса, Наталка, Новокиевская, Переяславка, Подолянка, Славная, Смуглянка, Снегурка, Трипольская, Фаворитка, Хазарка, Хуртовина, Чорнява, Монотип, Добирна, Ветеран, Спасивка, Гилея, Хуторянка. Устойчивость этих сортов обеспечивается различными типами, в частности, антиксенозом, толерантностью, уклонением и антибиозом. Таким образом, использование их как источников устойчивости для создания новых продуктивных сортов пшеницы озимой и внедрение в производство позволит в будущем сохранить урожайность зерна и свести к минимуму загрязнение окружающей среды пестицидами.
Ключевые слова: winter wheat, selection, pests, pathogenic agent, resistant varieties, sources of resistance
Полный текст и дополнительные материалы
В свободном доступе: PDFЦитированная литература
1. Afanasieva, O.G. (2015). Variety sample winter wheat resistance against eyespot pathogen. Karantyn i zakhyst Roslyn, No. 6, pp. 3-5 [in Ukrainian].
2. Afanasieva, O.G., Boyko, I.A., Dovgal, Z.M. & Golosna, L.N. (2012). Sources of resistance of winter wheat to the basic causal organisms fungal diseases. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 58, pp. 9-16 [in Ukrainian].
3. Afanasieva, O.G., Golosna, L.N., Lisova, G.M., Boyko, I.A. & Kucherovа, L.O. (2015). Donors and sources of resistance to the main winter wheat pathogens fungal diseases. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 61, pp. 30-39 [in Ukrainian].
4. Afanasieva, O.G., Kurulenko,V.V. & Gumenyuk, A.V. (2010). Effective sources of stability of a winter wheat in selection on immunity. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 56, pp. 12-20 [in Ukrainian].
5. Babayants, O.V. (2011). Immunological characteristic of wheat plant resources and verification of genetic protection against pathogens of fungal aetiology in the Steppe region of Ukraine. (Extended abstract of Doctor thesis). National University of Life and Environmental Scienсes of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine [in Ukrainian].
6. Babayants, O.V. & Babayants, L.T. (2014). Fundamentals of breeding and methodology of estimates of wheat resistance to pathogens. Odessa: WWII [in Ukrainian].
7. Babayants, O.V. & Miros, S.L. (2002). New sources and donors of wheat resistance to the causative agents of Fusarium spike. Collection of scientific works SGI-NTSNS, Iss . 2 (42), pp. 133-139 [in Ukrainian].
8. Bespalova, L.A., Vasilyev, A.V., Ablova, I.B., Filobok, V.A., Khudokormova, Zh.N., Davoyan, R.O., Davoyan, E.R., Karlov, G.I., Soloviev, A.A., Divashuk, M.G., Mayer, N.K., Dudnikov, M.V., Mironenko, N.V. & Baranova, O.A. (2012). Use of molecular markers in wheat breeding at the Krasnodar Lukyanenko researchch institute of agriculture. Vavilov magazine of Genetics and Breeding, 16, No. 1, pp. 37-43 [in Russian].
9. Borzykh, O.I., Retman, S.V. & Kovbasenko, V.M. (2014). Antystresor of cereal crops. Quarantine and plant protection, No. 10, pp. 12-13 [in Ukrainian].
10. Vavilov, N.I. (1964). World Resources of Cereals. Wheat. M. - L. [in Russian].
11. Vavilov, N.I. (1986). An outline of the current state of the doctrine of the immunity of cereals to mushroom diseases. Immunity of plants to infectious diseases. M.: Nauka [in Russian].
12. Vilkova, N.A. & Ivashchenko, L.S. (2001). Plant immunity to pests and his role in bioregulation of agroecosystems. Trudy REO, 72. p. 129-144 [in Russian].
13. Vlasyuk, O.S. (2014). Efect of sowing dates and seeding rates on the phytosanitary state of winter wheat crops. Quarantine and plant protection, No. 6, pp. 1-4 [in Ukrainian].
14. Vusatiy, R.O. (2004, November). Resistant against eyespot varieties of winter wheat. Integrated plant protection at the beginning of the 21st century: materials of the international scientific and practical conference (pp. 694-698), Kyiv. Kyiv: Kolobig [in Ukrainian].
15. Hetman, M.V. (2008). Mechanisms and resistance's sources of the wheat to the main insect pests. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 54, pp. 106-126 [in Ukrainian].
16. Glazko, V.I. & Glazko, G.V. (2002). Introduction to DNA technology and bioinformatics. Kyiv: DP Nora-druk [in Ukrainian].
17. Grytsiuk, N.V. (2013). Resistance of winter wheat varieties against fusarium infection at different periods of damage. Quarantine and plant protection, No. 10, pp. 2-3 [in Ukrainian].
18. Dermenko, O.P., Panchenko, Y.S. & Gavrilyuk, L.L. (2013). Protection of winter wheat from brown leaf rust. Quarantine and plant protection, No. 5, pp. 9-11 [in Ukrainian].
19. Dovgan, S.V. (2014). Bugs and larvae are dangerous for the crops. Quarantine and plant protection, No. 6, pp. 19-20 [in Ukrainian].
20. Yevtushenko, M.D. (2004). Phytopharmacology. Tutorial. Ed. prof. M.D. Yevtushenko, F.M. Mariutina. K.: Vyshcha shkola [in Ukrainian].
21. Yevtushenko, A.D., Lisovyi, M.P., Panteleiev, V.K. & Slisarenko, O.M. (2004). Immunity of plants. Kyiv: Kolobig [in Ukrainian].
22. Kirichenko, V.V., Petrenkova, V.P., Chernyayeva, I.M., Markova, T. Yu., Popov, V.M., Lucaya, I.C., Babushkina, T.V., Ryabchun, N.I., Zvyagin, A.F., Leonov, O.Yu., Vasko, N.I., Kozachenko, M.R., Zvyagintseva, A. M., Yegorov, D.K., Derevyanko, V.P., Ryabchun, V.K., Kapustina, T.B., Melnyk, B.S., Chernobay, L.M., Kozubenko, L.V., Chinaova, S.C., Ponurenko, S.G., Grigorashchenko, L.V., Gorbachev, S.M., Sokol, T.V., Bezugly, I.M., Vasilenko, A.O., Ryabukha, C.S., Borovskaya, I.Yu., Maklyak, K.M. & Kolomatska, V.P. (2012). Fundamentals of selection of field crops for resistance to harmful organisms, Textbook. Eds. Kirichenko V.V., Petrenkova V.P. Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].
23. Kovalyshyna, H.M. (2014). Resistance of winter wheat varieties to diseases. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 60, pp. 151-158 [in Ukrainian].
24. Kovalishina, G.M. (2005). Characteristics of Myronivka winter wheat varieties for disease resistance. Interagency thematic collection of plant protection and quarantine, Iss. 51, pp. 43-49 [in Ukrainian].
25. Kozub, N.A., Sozinov, I.A., Sobko, T.A., Dedkova, O.S., Badaeva, E.D. & Netsvetaev, V.P. (2012). Rye translocations in the varieties of winter common wheat. Agricultural Biology, No. 3, pp. 68-72 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.15389/agrobiology.2012.3.68eng
26. Kozub, N.A., Sozinov, I.A., Karelov, A.V., Bidnyk, G.Ya., Demianova, N.A., Blume, Ya.B. & Sozinov, A.A. (2015). Occurrence of wheat-rye 1BL/1RS and 1АL/1RS. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 61, pp. 148-155 [in Ukrainian].
27. Kosylovych, H.O. & Kononenko, Y.M. Comparative description of the genetical compositions of barley powdery mildew population in Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 56, pp. 81-89 [in Ukrainian].
28. Kokhmetova, A.M. & Atishova, M.N. (2012). Identification of stem rust resistance sources in wheat by using molecular markers. Vavilov magazine of Genetics and Breeding, 16, No. 1, pp. 132-141 [in Almaty, Kazakhstan]. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079059712060081
29. Kuznetsova, Т.Е. (2006). Selection of barley for resistance to diseases in the North Caucasus (Extended abstract of Doctor thesis). All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Rice, Krasnodar, Russia [in Russian].
30. Leonov, O.Yu. (2010). Regularities of the powdery mildew resistance manifestation among bread wheat entries. Collection of scientific works of the State Agricultural University-NCSS, Iss. 16 (56), pp. 208-220 [in Ukrainian].
31. Leonov, O.Yu., Zakharova, N.M., Streltsova, I.B., Moroz, N.V. & Babushkina, T.V. (2004). Skryninh kolektsiyi ozymoyi myakoyi pshenytsi za stiykistyu do septoriozu (Septoria tritici Rob. et Desm.). Selektsiya ta nasinnytstvo, Iss. 88, pp. 9-16 [in Ukrainian].
32. Lysovyi, M.P., Lisova, G.M., Afanasieva, O.G., Boiko, I.A., Golosna, L.N. & Dovgal, Z.M. (2014). Immunity of plants — the theory embodied in practice. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 60, pp. 197-210 [in Ukrainian].
33. Lisovyi, M.P. & Lisova, G.M. (2015). Pathes of variability of pathogenicity of fungi causing plant diseases. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 61, pp. 188-197 [in Ukrainian].
34. Lisova, H.M. (2001). Genetics of wheat immunity to brown rust causative agent. Henetyka i selektsiya v Ukrayini na mezhi tysyacholit. (Vol. 2). K.: Logos.
35. Lisova, G.M. (2012). Expression peculiarity of wheat resistance genes to the causal organism of the leaf rust in the conditions of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine in 2000-2010. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 58, pp. 97-106 [in Ukrainian].
36. Lisova, G.M. (1999). Markers of wheat resistance genes against rust-borne pathogens and their use in creating varieties resistant to disease. Plant protection, No. 11, pp. 10-11.
37. Lisova, G.M. & Dovgal, Z.N. (2010). Description of resistance of winter wheat to the action of local populations of leaf rust, powdery mildew and septoriosis. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 56, pp. 90-108 [in Ukrainian].
38. Lysovyi, M.P. & Lisova, G.M. (2004). Methodical bases for the creation of artificial infectious backgrounds of pathogens in breeding on resistance. Interagency thematic collection protection and plant quarantine, Iss. 50, pp. 41-51 [in Ukrainian].
39. Lysovyi, M.P. & Lisova, G.M. (2004, November). Features of resistance of natural phytocoenoses to the pathogen and ways of its use in breeding of agricultural crops. Integrated plant protection at the beginning of the XXI century. (pp. 673-678), Kyiv.
40. Masliiov, S.V. (2016). Protection of winter wheat crops from the desquary of Sophia in the east of Ukraine. Quarantine and plant protection, No. 7, pp. 1-3 [in Ukrainian].
41. Monastyrsky, O.A. (2003). Bioprotection of grain crops from toxigenic microorganisms. Zashchita i karantin rasteniy, No. 2, pp. 5-8 [in Ukrainian].
42. Monastyrsky, O.A. (2006). Toxin-forming fungi and mycotoxin. Zashchita i karantin rasteniy, No. 11, pp. 8-10 [in Ukrainian].
43. Morgun, B.V. (2013, December). Molecular markers as a means of free choice. Genomics of plants and biotechnology: international conference and the second conference of young scientists (p. 21). Kyiv, 2013 [in Ukrainian].
44. Morgun, V.V. & Logvinenko, V.F. (1995). Mutational selection of wheat. Кyiv: Naukova dumka [in Ukrainian].
45. Morgun, V.V., Sanin, Ye.V. & Shvartau, V.V. (2015). Club 100 centners. Кyiv: Logos [in Ukrainian].
46. Moskalets, T.V., Klyuchevich, M.M. & Moskalets, V.V. (2015). Resistance of winter triticale and soft wheat against Puccinia recondite Dietel & Holw. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, No. 6, pp. 1-3 [in Ukrainian].
47. Korneva, A.A., Nazarova, L.N., Motovilin, L. G. & Sanin, S.S. (2006). Progressive diseases of winter and spring wheat. Zashchita i karantin rasteniy, No. 7, pp. 12-14 [in Russian].
48. Orlyuk, A.P. (2008). Theoretical foundations of plant breeding. Kherson [in Ukrainian].
49. Painter, R. (1961). Resistance of plants to damage by insects. Moskov: Inostrannaia literatura [in Russian].
50. Painter, R. (1953). Resistance of plants to insects. Moskov: Inostrannaia literatura [in Russian].
51. Palyasniy, V.A. & Babayants, L.T. (2004). Use in wheat selection for group resistance to the main phytopathogenic diseases of the lines created on the basis of interspecific hybridization with the species Triticum erebuni and Aegilops cilindrica. Selektsiya i nasinnytstvo, Iss. 88. pp. 25-33 [in Ukrainian].
52. Strigun, O.O., Topchii, T.V. & Tribel, S.O. (2014). Method of evaluation of resistant wheat varieties against turtle bug (Eurygaster integriceps Put.) and other types of bugs. Patent No. 95910; Applicant and Owner: Institute of Plant Protection. UAAN (UA), No. u201408283 [in Ukrainian].
53. Petrenkova, V. P., Rabinovych, S. V., Cherniaieva, I. M. & Chornobai, L. M. (2004). Henetychna stiikist ozymoi ta yaroi pshenytsi do lystkovykh khvorob. Selektsiia i nasinnytstvo, Iss. 88, pp. 116-126 [in Ukrainian].
54. Prishchenko, O.V. (2013). Toxinogenic properties of fungi of the genus Fusarium at damaging of winter wheat grains. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, No. 5, pp. 4-6 [in Ukrainian].
57. Retman, S.V., Kislih, T.M. & Shevchuk, O.V. (2014). Dynamics of diseases of leaves of winter wheat. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, No. 10, pp. 6-8 [in Ukrainian].
58. Retman, S.V., Shevchuk, O.V. & Gorbachev, N.P. (2011). Diseases of the leaves and ear of grain cereal crops. Distribution, development and protection measures. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, No. 4, pp. 25-27 [in Ukrainian].
59. Retman, S.V. & Mikhailenko, S.V. (2008). Winter wheat: protection of crops from diseases. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, No. 11, pp. 1-4 [in Ukrainian].
60. Retman, S.V., Kislih, T.M. & Shevchuk, O.V. (2014). Dwarf bunt of winter wheat. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, No. 2, pp. 1-3 [in Ukrainian].
61. Ryabchenko, N.A., Shelekitina, I.A., Komarov, G.I. & Kosov, A.G. (1993). Some results of selection of cereals for complex immunity. Selektsiya i semenovodstvo, No. 4, pp. 21-22 [in Ukrainian].
62. Sandetska, N.V. & Topchiy, T.V. (2014). The efectiveness of the complex use of fungicides and foliar nutrition for protection of winter wheat against fungal diseases. Fiziol. rast. genet., 46, No. 2, pp. 171-178 [in Ukrainian].
63. Sivolap, Yu.M., Kozhukhova, N.E. & Calendar, R.N. (2011). Variability and specificity of genomes of agricultural plants. Odessa: Astroprint [in Ukrainian].
64. Stepanenko, A.I., Blagodarova, O.M., Morgun, B.V., Chugunkova, T.V. & Rybalka, O.I. (2014). Detection of wheat-rye translocations by means of dna markers and electrophoresis of proteins. Visnyk Ukr. t.-va henetykiv i selektsioneriv, 12, No. 1, pp. 78- 83 [in Ukrainian].
65. Strygun, O.O. (2015). The reaction of cereal flies on the stability of wheat varieties of winter soft. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, No. 10, pp. 1-3 [in Ukrainian].
66. Strygun, O.O., Trybel, S.O. & Suddenko, Y.M. (2015). Resistance of soft winter wheat wheat of breeding in Myroniv institute of wheat named after V.M. Remeslo against con Eurygaster integriceps Put. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, No. 12, pp. 1-4 [in Ukrainian].
67. Strygun, O.O., Trybel, S.O., Gamanova, O.M., Romashko, V.M., Kivel, E.V. & Suddenko, Yu.M. (2015). Resistance resistance of winter wheat varieties of winter wheat against cereal flies. Mizhvidomchyy tematychnyy zbirnyk zakhyst i karantyn roslyn, Iss. 61, pp. 267-279 [in Ukrainian].
68. Sudarchuk, L.V., Chebotar, S.V., Rybalka, O.I. & Sivolap, Yu. M. (2010). Detection of modified translocation of 1Rs.1BL using molecular markers in soft wheat selection material. Visnyk ONU, 15, Iss. 6, pp. 39-48 [in Ukrainian].
77. Topchii, T.V., Pochinok, V.M. & Morgun, B.V. (2014). Resistance of winter wheat lines created by distant hybridization to complex of diseases and pests. Fiziol. rast. genet., 46, No. 3, pp. 230-235 [in Ukrainian].
78. Trybel, S.O. (2006). Resistant varieties. Reducing energy intensity and crop losses caused by pests by means of breeding. Nasinnytstvo, No. 4, pp. 18-20 [in Ukrainian].
79. Trybel, S.O. & Hetman, M.V. (2005). Cereal flies and improved methods of field evaluation of wheat varieties for resistance. Mizhvidomchyy tematychny zbirnyk zakhyst i karantyn roslyn, Iss. 51, pp. 102-121 [in Ukrainian].
80. Trybel, S.O., Hetman M.V. & Strygun, O.O. (2009). Estimation of stability of wheat varieties against cereal aphids. Nasinnytstvo, No. 10, pp. 1-9 [in Ukrainian].
82. Trybel, S.O., Strygun, O.O. & Gamanova O.M. (2014). Harmfulness of interstitial phytophagous cereal coliform plant protection. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, No. 10, pp. 1-5 [in Ukrainian].
83. Trybel, S.O., Strygun, O.O., Hetman, M.V., & Topchiy, T.V. (2010). For marker signs. Evaluation of resistance of winter wheat varieties to pests. Nasinnytstvo, No. 10, pp. 4-8 [in Ukrainian].
84. Trybel, S.O., Korol, T.S., Getman, M.V. & Bratus, O.V. (2004, November). Concept on computer modeling of breeding process of creation of complex resistant varieties and hybrids against harmful organisms and stressful abiotic factors. Integrated plant protection at the beginning of the XXI century: materials of the international scientific and practical conference (pp. 737 - 750), Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
85. Fedorenko, V.P. (2014). Prospects of entomological research. Mizhvidomchyy tematychny zbirnyk zakhyst i karantyn roslyn, Iss. 60, pp. 415-425 [in Ukrainian].
86. Feshin, D.M. & Orlova, O.M. (2013). Bug Hazardous turtle: peculiarities of propagation, harmfulness and development forecast in conditions of high temperature regime. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, No. 7, pp. 8-9 [in Ukrainian].
87. Castro, A.M., Vasicek, А., Ramos, S., Worland, A.J., Suarez, E., Munoz, M., Gimenez, D. & Clua A. A. (1999). Different types of resistance against greenbug, Schizaphis graminum Rond, and the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko, in wheat. Plant Breed., 118, No 2, pp. 131-137. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.1999.118002131.x
88. Clive, J. (2014). Global Status of Commercialized Biotech GM Crops: ISAAA Brief, No. 49, Ithaca, NY. www.isaaa.org.
90. El Klifi, Oum., Chamlal, Hakita, Sharma, Hari & Benlhabib, Ouafac. (2003). Interspecific cross between durum wheat and Aegilops geniculata to transfer resistance to bassian fly (Mayetiola destructor Say.). Acta bot. malas, 28, pp. 149-154.
91. Felsenstein, F.G. (1994, November). Influence of sexual reproduction on qualitative population dynamics of wheat and barley powdery mildew in Europe. 3rd Cereal Mildew Worshop, (p. 19), Zurih.
92. Hollins, T.W., Lockley, K.D., Blackman, J.A., Scott, P.R. & Bingham, J. (1988). Field performance of Rendezvous, a wheat cultivar with resistance to eyespot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides) derived from Aegilops ventricos. Plant pathol., 37, pp. 251-260. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1988.tb02070.x
93. Kanno, H. & Harris, M.O. (2000). Physial features of grass leaves influence the placent of eggs within the plant by Hessian fly. Entomol. exp. et appl., 96, No. 1, pp. 69-80. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1570-7458.2000.00680.x
94. Liu, X.M., Smith, C.M. & Gill, B.S. (2000). Identification of microsatellite markers linked to Russian whet aphid resistance genes Dn4 and Dn6. Theor. Appl. Genet., 104, No. 6-7, pp. 1042-1048.
95. McDonald, B.A. & Linde, C. (2002). Pathogen population genetics, evolutionary potential, and durable resistance. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol., 40, pp. 349-379. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.40.120501.101443
96. McIntosh, R.A., Yamazaki, Y., Dubcovski, J., Rogers, J. & Morris, C. (2008). Appels R and XC Xia. Catalogue of gene symbols for wheat. 11th Intern. Wheat Genet. Symp., (p. 519), Brisbane.
97. Singh, R.P., & Rajaram, S. (2002). Breeding for disease resistance in wheat. In: Bread wheat. Improvement and production. - FAO plant production and protection series: Rome. No. 30, pp. 141 - 156.
98. Singh, A., Pallavi, J.K., Gupta, P. & Prabhu, K.V. (2011). Identification of microsatellite markers linked to leaf rust adult plant resistance (APR) gene Lr48 in wheat. Plant Breed., 130, pp. 31-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2010.01820.x
99. Somers, D.J., Fedak, G., Clarke, J. & Wenguang, C. (2006). Mapping of FHB resistance QTLs in tetraploid wheat. Genome, 49, pp. 1586-1593. https://doi.org/10.1139/g06-127