Fiziol. rast. genet. 2020, vol. 52, no. 2, 95-127, doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2020.02.095

Colored grain of wheat and barley — a new breeding strategy of crops with grain of high nutritional value

Rybalka O.I.1,2, Morgun V.V.2, Morgun B.V.2,3

  1. Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute—National Center of Seed and Cultivars Investigation, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine 3 Ovidiopolska Road, Odesa, 65036, Ukraine
  2. Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 31/17 Vasylkivska St., Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
  3. Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 148 Akademika Zabolotnogo St., Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine

The article aimed on scientific justification of the new in Ukraine wheat and hull-less barley breeding direction with purpose of amelioration (biofortification) of nutritional (biological) value of those crops. Cereals are the base of staple food of the world’s population. The cereals biofortification strategy called today as “the second green revolution”. Black, violet and blue crops grain color determined with pigments anthocyanins and phytomelanins classified as flavonoids that belong to larger group of phytochemicals called as grain phenolic compounds. Anthocyanins of colored fruits, vegetables, legumes and colored grain cereals recognized as food ingredients providing of human health benefits and protects of human body from array of heavy pathologies such as oxidative stress causes the cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus type II as well as different form of cancer. This is why the anthocyanin-reach food products becoming more and more popular and usable as functional food among developed nations. The paper presents many examples of biochemical, physiological and clinic research of color wheat and barley, performed in the authorized laboratories, evidencing the high nutritional value of wheat and barley with colored grain. This paper’s authors is the first in Ukraine scientific team who developed and listed in Ukraine first varieties of black wheat with high nutritional value and who initiated in Ukraine the new breeding strategy — development of colored wheat and hull-less barley varieties as a base for production on the Ukrainian food market new different food products with functional status. The paper’s authors proposed following after the developed countries to work out in Ukraine the national functional nutrition and food safety strategy aimed on the maximal (not less than 50 %) increase of the whole cereal grain (whole meal) products share in the daily recommended diet of Ukrainian population.

Keywords: colored grain, wheat, barley, breeding, biofortification, antocyanins, antioxidants,  functional food products

Fiziol. rast. genet.
2020, vol. 52, no. 2, 95-127

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