In order to determine the peculiarities of phosphate (PO43–) and phosphite (PO33–) effect on the state of wheat plants photosynthetic apparatus method of chlorophyll fluorescence induction (СhFI) was used. The experiment was performed on bread wheat Triticum aestivum Zymoiarka variety with application of monopotassium phosphate (23 % P in PO43– form) and Quantum Phytophos (11 % P: 5.5 % in РО33– form, 5.5 % in РО43– form). The plants were sprayed with an aqueous solution of fertilizers at the end of the earing phase (BBCH 59). IFH parameters were measured on a flag leaf for 14 days after treatment of plants with fertilizers. According to the СhFI parameters registration, the values of variable fluorescence Fv and Fv/Fm in dark-adapted leaves were calculated to assess the photochemical activity of photosystem II (PhS II), and the fluorescence decrease index of chlorophyll during the slow phase of the induction curve, RFd, which characterizes the activity of CO2 assimilation processes was calculated. It was found that the photochemical activity of PS II and the RFd index in control plants decreased significantly due to ontogenetic leaf aging and influence of adverse environmental factors, in particular the increase in temperature at the background of low humidity. Foliar application of phosphorus fertilizers helped to maintain Fv index stability during almost the entire study period, and a smaller decrease in the photochemical activity of PS II and the RFd index during ontogenesis and elevated temperature influence. The smallest decrease in indices of photosynthetic apparatus activity was recorded in plants sprayed with a combined fertilizer Quantum-Phytophos, containing phosphate and phosphite. The results show that phosphorus-containing fertilizers foliar application helps to maintain the activity of photosynthetic apparatus and slow the aging process during reproductive development of wheat plants, and the inclusion of phosphite in their composition significantly enhances the positive effect.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., phosphorus-containing fertilizers, foliar fertilization, induction of chlorophyll fluorescence
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