It was evaluated the role of aminosaccharides N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (0.1 M) as possible exogenous regulators of the realization of symbiotic (according to the rhizobia nodulation ability and symbiosis nitrogenase activity) and productive (by plants biomass and seed productivity) potential of the soybean-rhizobium systems under field drought conditions (the temperature difference positively deviated from the norm by 1.5—2.0 °С with the rainfall 11—65 % of the norm). Binary inoculants based on Bradyrhizobium japonicum 634b and aminosaccharides had a positive effect on seed germination (by 7—12 %), vegetative growth (by 6—31 %) and the formation of plant biomass (1.3—1.8 times for aboveground mass and 1.2—1.5 times for the root system), as well as the activity of bean formation (1.5—1.7 times). At the same time, the nodule-forming ability of rhizobia increased by 1.2—1.3 times as well as an increase in the mass of nodules was by 1.4—1.5 times and the nitrogenase activity of symbiotic systems (actual and specific) — by 1.5 and 1.2 times, respectively. Under the field drought conditions N-acetyl-D-glucosamine was determined as the most effective exogenous regulator in respect of the realization of the symbiotic potential of rhizobia. Regarding the soybean plants development, a higher efficacy of inoculum on the base of rhizobia and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine was noted. Aminosaccharides in binary inoculants with rhizobia contributed to a significant increase in the yield of soybean seeds compared with the monoinoculum of nodule bacteria. The results indicate the prospects for the research of using aminosaccharides as exogenous regulatory agents of the formation, functioning and effectiveness of legume-rhizobium symbiosis.
Keywords: soybean-rhizobium symbiosis, aminosaccharides, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, nodulation, nitrogen-fixing, yield, field drought
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